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What constitutes a reactive non-stress test (NST) for a term fetus?

  1. Two or more accelerations of at least 10 bpm

  2. One acceleration of at least 15 bpm

  3. Two or more accelerations of at least 15 bpm

  4. One acceleration lasting at least 10 seconds

The correct answer is: Two or more accelerations of at least 15 bpm

A reactive non-stress test (NST) for a term fetus is indicated by the presence of two or more accelerations of at least 15 beats per minute above the baseline fetal heart rate, with each acceleration lasting for at least 15 seconds. This definition is essential because it reflects the responsiveness of the fetal heart rate to fetal movements, which indicates adequate fetal oxygenation and well-being. The requirement for two accelerations ensures that the findings are consistent and not merely a result of chance. The threshold of 15 beats per minute is significant as it represents a clear and clinically relevant increase in heart rate, demonstrating that the fetus is likely reacting appropriately to stimuli (such as movements or contractions) and that the autonomic nervous system is functioning well.